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Climate action: Adapting or Mitigating?

Renjini Liza Varghese


A crucial question recently struck me after a conversation with an industry expert: are we truly tackling climate change through mitigation, or are we merely adapting to its consequences?

While both perspectives have merit, the reality is unsettling – most current efforts lean heavily towards adaptation, a reactive approach to immediate and near-term crises.

This isn’t to downplay the importance of resilience. Responding to floods, droughts, and other climate events is vital. However, it shouldn’t overshadow the urgent need for proactive mitigation strategies. We must move beyond short-term fixes and implement a long-term vision with concrete deadlines. Sadly, COP28, which concluded in Dubai on December 8th, 2023, lacked this crucial element.

The gap in mitigation action stems from a confluence of factors. These include:

Data Gaps: While scientific evidence paints a clear picture of the climate crisis, we lack micro-geographical data for enabling communities to effectively prepare for local impacts.

Flawed Strategies: Many countries, regardless of their development status, have nominal mitigation plans riddled with loopholes that allow them to avoid accountability for missed targets.

Technological Lag: Despite efforts to develop climate prediction tools, a significant gap remains. Initiatives like India’s focus on precise climate forecasting for extreme weather events represent promising steps.

Unreliable Finance: While financial commitments are made, developed nations often fall short in mobilizing the necessary climate funds. The newly established “damage and loss” fund offers a glimmer of hope, but its scope is limited. Green funds, too, face challenges like greenwashing, making it difficult to track their actual utilization in mitigation efforts.

Implementation Delays: Reports before COP28 highlighted widespread lags in countries meeting their climate goals. A drastic course correction is needed, demanding a top-down approach that prioritizes community-level benefits while fostering global collaboration and joint action.

Bridging these gaps requires a multi-pronged approach:

  • Strengthening Green Initiatives: Investing in green technologies, renewable energy, and sustainable practices is essential.
  • Maximizing Green Funds: Effective allocation and utilization of these funds, along with robust monitoring mechanisms, is crucial.
  • Leveraging Native Knowledge: Indigenous communities hold invaluable knowledge about living in harmony with nature. Incorporating their wisdom can empower local adaptation and resilience.
  • Micro-data Driven Strategies: Focusing on acquiring and utilizing geospatial data will equip communities with the precise information they need to prepare for and manage local climate impacts.

Above all, we need a collective commitment to move beyond adaptation and embrace mitigation. I believe that the year 2024 will be a turning point, marked by the emergence of innovative technologies and a renewed focus on mitigation. Let’s work together to ensure that this year becomes a defining moment in our collective fight against climate change.


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UN, COP28, The Article 6.4 Supervisory Body

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UN Supervisory Body Agrees to Adopt Carbon Removal, Crediting Methodology to Accelerate Paris Agreement

WriteCanvas News


The Article 6.4 Supervisory Body, a part of the UN, has agreed on recommendations for guidance on carbon removal and standards to develop carbon crediting methodologies.

The Article 6.4 Supervisor Body is a part of the United Nations Body tasked to operationalize a new UN carbon crediting mechanism under the Paris Agreement.

In a virtual meeting ahead of COP28, the members of the body reached an agreement to adopt both guidance documents. The recommendations from over 400 organizations’ recommendations will be sent to the CMA, responsible for implementing the Paris Agreement. These will be reviewed by country negotiators at COP28.

The guidelines:

The new Paris Agreement crediting mechanism aims to facilitate international collaboration in reducing emissions and combating climate change. The agreement is an essential element in ensuring that the mechanism becomes operational next year.

i. Standards for the development of carbon crediting methodologies:
The Supervisory Body agreed on the practical standards for the development of carbon crediting methodologies under the new UN mechanism. By doing so, they have set a direction for the mechanism’s operation, awaited by stakeholders in both the voluntary and compliance markets. The agreement also allows for future improvements and refinements.

New guidelines aim to ensure the mechanism’s effectiveness for buyers, host countries, and the environment. The idea is to find a middle ground between Glasgow’s priorities for the Article 6 Rulebook and the financial sustainability of mitigation efforts.

ii. Greenhouse gas removals
Greenhouse gas removals within the context of the new UN mechanism are credits generated by projects that remove greenhouse gases from the atmosphere and destroy or durably store them.

The Supervisory Body’s decision is technology-neutral, considering the diversity and richness of current and emerging removal activities while ensuring their environmental integrity and continued impact.

The framework for removal activities focuses on the need to provide for adequate monitoring during and after the activities’ crediting periods and to remediate potential reversals. The framework emphasizes the need for thorough monitoring during and after crediting periods and the remediation of potential reversals.

The Supervisory Body plans to implement a regulatory framework for removal activities by creating a buffer pool for reversal risks, developing risk assessment tools, and establishing procedures and guidelines.

Chair and Vice Chair remarks:

Olga Gassan-Zade, Chair, Article 6.4 Supervisory Body, said: “Together with the full package of the project cycle and accreditation decisions, and the final drafts of the Supervisory Body tool and the appeals and grievance procedure, these two last documents give Article 6.4 a solid foundation to aim for full operationalization next year.”

“The recommendations on greenhouse gas removals and methodology requirements have been the most difficult part of our work over the past 18 months because of their weight and significance for the mechanism as a whole,” she said.

“There were some difficult issues across both removals and methodology guidelines, but we have tried to address them in a way that ensures the mechanism can be operationalized. And that was our mandate: to take the Rules and Procedures set out by the Paris Agreement and make them operational. The goal we are working towards is having the mechanism operational by next year,” said Mbaye Diagne, Vice Chair, of the Article 6.4 Supervisory Body.

“I would like to thank the Supervisory Body members for their hard work and for their collective commitment to achieving this outcome. It also wouldn’t be an exaggeration to say that the contributions of the stakeholders made a critical difference to the quality of our work over the past year. I hope that the interest in the mechanism continues to grow and that the stakeholders continue to be as engaged and as committed to working together with us as they have been this year,” she said.


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Gender Equality

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Who is widening the gender diversity gap in India?

Renjini Liza Varghese


I have noticed that business organisations of late have started taking a strong stance in favour of diversity by promoting gender parity. The focus is on inclusion and Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI).

The ground reality at the community level, however, is a far cry. Lip service tops the play on the subject in any Indian community where patriarchy still plays a dominant role. Announcements, therefore, frequently come out as empty platitudes, and the progress we have made is far from adequate. A report jointly released by UN Women and UNDP, two United Nations organisations, highlights this fact.

According to the report, India continues to have a distressingly low level of global gender parity (GGPI) and women’s empowerment (WEI). Her WEI and GGPI stand at 48% empowerment deficit and a 44% gender disparity, respectively.

On the tipping scale, we scored higher than our neighbours in central and southern Asia—an empowerment gap of 50%, but the scales dipped to 44 % in the gender gap vis-à-vis the other countries who fared slightly better at 42%.

For some time now, I’ve been considering penning my thoughts on diversity and inclusion. Thus far, I was scouting for an ideal subject to write. Even as I was pondering whether to start from the terms of employment practises at the organizational level? Or should I focus on the more crucial aspect of the upbringing of a child?

My thought process was jolted by local sports or commonly known as gully games. Outdoors, gully games are a common sight in any locality. As I watched the young guns screaming and making the sport noise, I realized that the teams were either all boys or all girls! When did the sports world at the gully level transition from a gender-neutral game to bond to a competitive sport for a single gender?

For instance, in my own residential complex, there is a widening divide between boys and girls who play the same sport at the same time, but separately.  When I compare this to a decade ago, I saw a mix of both—boys and girls roughing it out on the cricket field or the make-shift football stadium. Casual conversations with friends, acquaintances and relatives revealed that the norm persists everywhere. Infact, some haughty parents (who nonchalantly played with the opposite gender proudly claim that they are asking their children to develop separate `boys` and `girls` groups. Why?

Unintentionally so, but we are widening these gaps, creating the spasm and developing adults who would grow up to be uncomfortable in the presence of the opposite sex. Shouldn’t we start teaching kids about gender equality, diversity, and inclusion at a much younger age?

These kids are the torchbearers of tomorrow.  While it may appear that I’m criticising the way kids are raised, I’m actually pointing out a critical change that is required to hasten India’s growth trajectory. Combining gender parity and diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) is a difficult goal that must be built up gradually.

Let’s start young and raise a generation that truly understands the value of variety, inclusion, and equality.


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News

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Climate change: Impacts women more?

WriteCanvas News


Among the many effects of rapid climate change, women are finding it harder to manage their domestic responsibilities—like cleaning, cooking, gathering resources—and caring for the elderly as well as their children, noted authors of the Observer Research Foundation.

While the impact of climate change on women the world over is the same, the Rajiv Gandhi University (RGU) and the Women & child development department, Government of Arunachal Pradesh (GoAP), recently signed an MoU to study the impact on women of the hilly state.

The MoU aims to promote equitable gender roles and responsibilities in climate-resilient community resource management, protecting vulnerable communities like women and children, and ensuring distributive justice in the Pakke Tiger Reserve 2047 Declaration.

Professor Saket Kushwaha, vice chancellor of RGU, expressed confidence that the MoU will be action-oriented and productive because the area chosen for the research is solely for the good of Arunachal Pradesh, which actually focuses and intends to conduct it under the Panch-Dhara strategies.

RGU registrar Dr N T Rikam said that the objectives based on the MoU will yield its desired results and will be mutually beneficial for both organizations.

The impact of climate change on women has gained significance over the recent past. For instance, in an article on Five Reasons Why Climate Action Needs Women, the United Nations Climate Change pointed out that women often face higher risks and greater burdens from the impacts of climate change in situations of poverty and due to existing roles, responsibilities and cultural norms.

For example, in many societies, women are responsible for household energy, food, water and care for the young and elderly. Particularly in developing countries, the consequences of climate change can increase the burden for women and girls, for example, causing them to travel further to obtain daily supplies, leaving less time for paid work and potentially exposing them to greater risk to their personal safety, UNFCC said in the report.


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Sustainability, UNSDGs

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10 sustainability lessons from the life of Nelson Mandela

Sonal Desai


Depending on how one wants to view it, the rift between those who support and oppose climate change action, alleviating poverty and hunger, DEI, and promoting world peace and unity is growing or shrinking.

As more data and statistics have become available, our understanding of the problem has expanded and more stakeholders have become involved. This reminds me of Nelson Mandela’s well-known call for an equitable distribution of resources in his (then) racist homeland: “Work, bread, water, and salt for all.”

Today’s Africa is a brand-new novel, with every page lovingly crafted and nurtured by the populace, the state, and the international community, for whom Mandela continues to serve as a role model.

The Mandela legacy:
Call it the Mandela legacy. Long before the world developed official frameworks and nomenclature to make it mainstream, he advocated for social justice, the fight against poverty, human rights, peace & security, and climate change–some of the key pillars of the UNSDG principles.

What began as a personal initiative to bring a nation together and have a positive, purpose-driven impact on society as a whole gradually grew into a global agenda driven by the United Nations, the World Bank, and the think tank across various organisations, all of which are looking for answers to different questions regarding one major cause, global warming and its impact. Every day, reams of paper are used for research, analysis, or the publication of new findings and directives intended to halt local, national, and international catastrophes brought on by heat waves, rainforest destruction, melting glaciers, and carbon emissions and pollution.

Although these are long-term problems, putting a few fundamentals in place can help repair the already thinly stretched fabric. We, the people, are at the heart of it all. Mandela’s attention to people and his pearls of wisdom teach lessons in sustainability and sustainable living that last a lifetime.

I list below my favorite 10:

1. “I am fundamentally an optimist. Whether that comes from nature or nurture, I cannot say. Part of being optimistic is keeping one’s head pointed toward the sun, one’s feet moving forward. There were many dark moments when my faith in humanity was sorely tested, but I would not and could not give myself up to despair. That way lays defeat and death.” – “Long Walk to Freedom, The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela” written by Nelson Mandela in 1994

2. It is not our diversity which divides us; it is not our ethnicity, or religion or culture that divides us. Since we have achieved our freedom, there can only be one division amongst us: between those who cherish democracy and those who do not (Nelson Mandela by Himself: The Authorised Book of Quotations).

3. Poverty is not an accident. Like slavery and apartheid, it is man-made and can be removed by the actions of human beings.

4. I dream of our vast deserts, of our forests, of all our great wilderness. We must never forget that it is our duty to protect this environment.

5. The very right to be human is denied everyday to hundreds of millions of people as a result of poverty, the unavailability of basic necessities such as food, jobs, water and shelter, education, healthcare and a healthy environment.

6. Education is the great engine of personal development. It is through education that the daughter of a peasant can become a doctor, that the son of a mine worker can become the head of the mine, that a child of farm workers can become the president of a great nation.

7. Thus shall we live, because we will have created a society which recognises that all people are born equal, with each entitled in equal measure to life, liberty, prosperity, human rights and good governance.

8. As long as women are bound by poverty and as long as they are looked down upon, human rights will lack substance. As long as outmoded ways of thinking prevent women from making a meaningful contribution to society, progress will be slow.

9. One cannot be prepared for something while secretly believing it will not happen

10. It takes you out of your comfort zone, away from your normal supports and will have people questioning your sanity. No doubt, it’s a brave move.

Contextually, it is time for us to work together to build a better world. Numerous men and women have already started the lone drive. Let us join them and build momentum for a just and sustainable world!!

You can add to the list dear reader. Let’s take the conversation forward.


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